Laravel Queued Job with Retry and Backoff

Define retry behaviour directly on the job class using properties and the backoff() method.

// app/Jobs/SendWelcomeEmail.php
namespace App\Jobs;

use App\Models\User;
use App\Mail\WelcomeMail;
use Illuminate\Bus\Queueable;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldQueue;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\Dispatchable;
use Illuminate\Queue\InteractsWithQueue;
use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Mail;

class SendWelcomeEmail implements ShouldQueue
{
    use Dispatchable, InteractsWithQueue, Queueable, SerializesModels;

    public int $tries = 3;
    public int $timeout = 30;

    public function __construct(public User $user) {}

    public function backoff(): array
    {
        return [10, 30, 60]; // seconds between retries
    }

    public function handle(): void
    {
        Mail::to($this->user)->send(new WelcomeMail($this->user));
    }

    public function failed(\Throwable $e): void
    {
        // log or notify after all retries exhausted
        logger()->error("Welcome email failed for user {$this->user->id}: {$e->getMessage()}");
    }
}

// Dispatch
SendWelcomeEmail::dispatch($user)->onQueue('emails');